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[ Option B ]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) personal digital assistants are software agents that can perform tasks, answer questions, and interact with users using voice commands or text.

[ Option C ]

An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) provides all the necessary development tools such as text editors, compilers, debuggers, code libraries, and testing platforms within a Single integrated framework.

[ Option C ]

System Software is the type of software that manages computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. Common examples of system software include the Operating System (OS), utility programs, and language translators such as compilers, interpreters, and assemblers.

Application Software is designed to help users perform specific tasks or solve particular problems. It runs on top of system software and allows users to do activities like creating documents, managing databases, browsing the internet, or editing images. Examples include word processors, spreadsheet software, Database Management Systems (DBMS) software, and web browsers.

Utility Programs are System Software tools that help maintain, manage, and protect a computer. Examples include Antivirus Software for security, Disk Cleanup tools for removing unnecessary files, file compression software like WinRAR (Windows Roshal ARchive) or 7-Zip for reducing file size, backup software for data safety, and disk defragmenters for improving storage performance.

• A Database Management System (DBMS), such as MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, or MS Access, is an application software that allows users to store, organize, retrieve, and manage data efficiently.

[ Option B ]

An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) suite consolidates the basic tools required to write, test, and debug software. IDEs provide a comprehensive environment combining code editors, compilers or interpreters, debuggers, and testing tools, all accessible from one interface.

[ Option B ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is often called the "BRAIN" of the computer. Its main job is fetch, decode, and execute instructions. The main components of the CPU are:

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles arithmetic and logical operations such as addition, subtraction, and bitwise operations.
• Control Unit (CU): Directs the operation of the processor by managing the flow of data and instructions within the CPU.
• Registers/Memory Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations for temporary data during instruction execution.

Visual Display Unit (VDU): The VDU is an output device used for displaying processed data, not a part of CPU internal architecture.

[ Option C ]

An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) provides a single platform where developers can write, compile, debug, and manage code. Without an IDE, a developer must handle each tool Separately:

• Write code in a text editor.
• Compile using a compiler.
• Debug using a separate debugger.
• Manage libraries and dependencies manually.

[ Option D ]

System on a Chip (SoC) is a highly integrated microchip that contains all the essential components of a computer or smartphone including processor cores (CPU), memory (RAM and ROM), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), input/output controllers, modems, and other peripherals on a single chip.

SoCs are designed to fit into compact devices like smartphones, enabling them to run efficiently with reduced space, power consumption, and heat dissipation.

Unlike a processor on a chip, which only contains the CPU, an SoC includes multiple functional units to handle computing, graphics, and communication.
 

[ Option D ]

Software licenses determine how software can be used, modified, and distributed. There are two types of software licenses: GPL (General Public License) or Open-Source Licenses, and Proprietary Licenses.

1. GPL Software is free and open source, allowing users to copy, modify, and distribute the software, even commercially, as long as derivative works also remain open. 
2. The Proprietary Software is copyrighted and owned by the developer or company, and users are prohibited from copying, modifying, or distributing it without permission.

Examples of GPL software include Linux, LibreOffice, Mozilla Firefox, WordPress and GIMP, while proprietary software includes Microsoft Windows, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Dreamweaver, and Microsoft Office.

[ Option B ]

A Register is a small and very fast storage location inside the CPU (Central Processing Unit) used to temporarily hold data, instructions, or addresses that the CPU needs immediately during processing.

[ Option D ]

IDEs is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development, combining essential tools like code editors, compilers, debuggers, and build automation into a single interface.

[ Option D ]

An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

The key functions of an OS includes, process management, memory management, file management, device management, user interface etc.

[ Option A ]

[ Option A ]

The main function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in computers is to process data. It acts as the brain of the computer. The CPU performs three major tasks:

• Fetch, takes instructions from memory.
• Decode, interprets the instructions.
• Execute, processes the data and gives output.
   

[ Option A ]

Web-based IDEs are online development environments that allow developers to write, run, and debug code through a web browser without installing heavy software locally.

Microsoft Visual Studio Code (VS Code) is a popular IDE that supports web development, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and backend languages. It also has extensions for collaborative web-based development.

[ Option C ]

Inside a computer, different parts like CPU, memory, input-output devices need to communicate with each other. For example, CPU takes instructions from memory, memory sends data to CPU, CPU sends results to output devices. For this communication, data must move from one component to another.

A bus in a computer system is a collection of physical wires that carries data, addresses, and control signals between different parts of the computer. The bus makes sure all parts of the computer can share and exchange data quickly and smoothly, so the system works together as one unit. There are mainly three types of buses:

[ Option A ]

The Control Unit (CU) is a crucial part of the CPU (Central Processing Unit) responsible for managing and coordinating the execution of instructions. Its main functions include:

• Directs and coordinates the operations of the CPU, memory, and input/output devices.
• Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions from memory.
   

[ Option A ]

System Software is a collection of programs designed to manage and support the operation of a computer system and to service other programs. It acts as a interface  between the hardware and application software. 

Examples of system software include the Operating System like Windows, Linux, macOS, Device Drivers, Utility Programs, and Language Translator like compiler, assembler, and interpreter.

[ Option A ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is called the “electronic brain or brain” of computer because it controls all operations and processes data.

[ Option D ]

System Software is a type of software that helps manage and control computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. It is essential for the functioning of a computer. The examples of system software included, Operating System (OS), System Utilities, Device Drivers, Language Translator etc.

[ Option B ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is often called the "BRAIN" of the computer. Its main job is fetch, decode, and execute instructions. The main components of the CPU are:

1. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles arithmetic and logical operations such as addition, subtraction, and bitwise operations.
2. Control Unit (CU): Directs the operation of the processor by managing the flow of data and instructions within the CPU.
3. Registers / Memory Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations for temporary data during instruction execution.

Visual Display Unit (VDU): The VDU is an output device used for displaying processed data, not a part of CPU internal architecture.

[ Option B ]

IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. It is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development, combining essential tools like code editors, compilers, debuggers, and build automation into a single interface.
Common examples of IDEs are Visual Studio Code, Eclipse, PyCharm, NetBeans etc.

[ Option C ]

Linux is a family of open-source operating systems based on the Unix architecture. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and is widely used due to its flexibility, security, and the fact that its source code is freely available for anyone to view, modify, and distribute.

[ Option D ]

Instant Messaging (IM) is a service that allows users to send and receive messages in real time over the internet. Google Hangout, Yahoo Messenger, and Facebook Messenger are instant messaging platforms that allow real-time text communication.

A browser like Google Chrome is only a platform to access web services. It does not directly provide instant messaging.

[ Option C ]

A file extension is the suffix at the end of a filename, after the dot. It tells the operating system what type of file it is and which software can open it.

[ Option B ]

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. The CPU is divided into three primary units:

1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) : Performs arithmetic (add, subtract, multiply, divide) calculations and logical (AND, OR, NOT, compare) operations.
2. Control Unit (CU) : Directs the flow of data and instructions between components.
3. Registers : Temporary high-speed storage inside the CPU for processing data.

[ Option C ]

A bus in a computer is a communication system that transfers data, addresses, and control signals between components like the CPU, memory, and I/O devices.

[ Option D ]

Software can be broadly classified into two main categories:

1. System Software.
2. Application Software.

System Software is the type of software that manages computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. Common examples of system software include the Operating System (OS), utility programs, and language translators such as compilers, interpreters, and assemblers.

Application Software is designed to help users perform specific tasks or solve particular problems. It runs on top of system software and allows users to do activities like creating documents, managing databases, browsing the internet, or editing images. Examples include word processors, spreadsheet software, Database Management Systems (DBMS) software, and web browsers.

[ Option D ]

System Software is the type of software that manages computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. Common examples of system software include the Operating System (OS), utility programs, and language translators such as compilers, interpreters, and assemblers.

Linux is an operating system, which is a prime example of system software. It manages the hardware resources of a computer and provides services for application software to run.

Application Software is designed to help users perform specific tasks or solve particular problems. It runs on top of system software and allows users to do activities like creating documents, managing databases, browsing the internet, or editing images. Examples include word processors, spreadsheet software, Database Management Systems (DBMS) software, and web browsers.

[ Option D ]

In email terminology, BCC stands for "Blind Carbon Copy". When we send an email, we usually have three main fields for recipients, To, CC (Carbon Copy) and BCC (Blind Carbon Copy).

[ Option A ]

Open source software is allow user to view, modify, and redistribute the source code, along with the compiled software. This openness promotes collaboration, transparency, and customization. 
In licensed or proprietary software where source code access is restricted, and licensed software which may allow use but not necessarily modification or redistribution of source.

[ Option D ]

A Smartphone is defined as a mobile device that combines traditional phone functions with advanced computing capabilities. It can access the internet, send emails and faxes, and perform many other functions beyond basic phone operations like calls and text messages.

[ Option B ]

Medical and mapping software are specialized programs used for monitoring, analyzing, and controlling complex data and processes, hence they fall under Control and Analysis software category.

• These software systems help in processing medical data for diagnosis and treatment or in mapping for geographical analysis and navigation.