RSSB Previous Exam Computer Solved Questions

[ Option B ]

An input device is a hardware device used to provide data and control signals to a computer. It allows users to enter information into the computer system for processing.

Input Devices and Their Functions:

Output Devices and Their Functions:

Devices with Both Input and Output Functions:

[ Option D ]

An input device is a hardware device used to provide data and control signals to a computer. It allows users to enter information into the computer system for processing.

Input Devices and Their Functions:

Output Devices and Their Functions:

Devices with Both Input and Output Functions:

[ Option C ]

GPS (Global Positioning System) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on Earth, as long as there is a clear Line of Sight (LOS) to four or more GPS satellites.
GPS devices are commonly installed in cars, taxis, and aircraft for navigation, tracking, and location services. They are also present in many smartphones and other personal devices, but not exclusively.

[ Option A ]

• GPS (Global Positioning System) is the global satellite-based navigation system developed by the United States. It provides location, navigation, and timing services to users around the world.
• Galileo – Developed by the European Union.
• BeiDou – Developed by China.
• GLONASS – Developed by Russia. It is the second oldest GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) after GPS.
• GLONASS stands for Globalnaya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (in Russian). In English same as GNSS.

[ Option D ]

A telephone device has several main components:

[ Option D ]

Macro is a feature in MS Excel that records a sequence of actions so that they can be automatically (saves time) repeated later. It is mainly used to automate repetitive tasks and maintain consistency (uniformity) in formatting or calculations.

[ Option B ]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) personal digital assistants are software agents that can perform tasks, answer questions, and interact with users using voice commands or text.

[ Option B ]

Pressing Ctrl+O opens the “Open” dialog box in all major MS Office programs, enabling you to browse and select a file to open.

[ Option A ]

[ Option D ]

[ Option B ]

An Ethernet card is also commonly known as a Network Interface Card (NIC). It is a hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network, usually a Local Area Network (LAN), using Ethernet technology.

The unique ID of a NIC on the Ethernet network is called its MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is a 48-bit (6 bytes) hexadecimal number, usually written in six pairs of hexadecimal digits separated by colons or hyphens, for example:

00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E

• The first 3 bytes (24 bits) identify the manufacturer of the NIC.
• The last 3 bytes (24 bits) are a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to each device.
• This makes every NIC in the world have a unique MAC address.

[ Option D ]

A procedural language tells the computer how to do something step by step. These languages follow a clear set of instructions.

• FORTRAN – Formula Translation, used in scientific computing.
• COBOL – Common Business-Oriented Language, used in business applications. 
• Pascal – Used for teaching programming and basic software development, procedural in nature.
• PROLOG, on the other hand, is a logic programming language, not procedural. It is declarative, meaning you specify what you want, not how to do it. 
  • It is used in AI and symbolic reasoning tasks. In PROLOG, instead of writing step-by-step instructions, you just describe the facts and rules, and the computer figures out the answer on its own.
  • Example: You tell PROLOG: "If X is the father of Y, then X is a parent of Y." 
  • E.g.: "Suresh is the father of Maya." Then you ask: "Who is the parent of Maya?" PROLOG will figure out that it is Suresh.

[ Option B ]

A Point (pt) is the standard typographic unit for measuring Font Size and many other typographic elements. One point is equal to 1/72 of an inch.

A Pixel (px) is the smallest unit of a digital image or display. It represents a single point of color on a screen. Pixels are used to measure screen resolution, images, and text size on digital devices. The size of a pixel varies depending on the screen resolution (DPI/PPI). Higher resolution screens have smaller pixels, producing sharper images.

• DPI = Dots Per Inch.
• PPI = Pixels Per Inch.

[ Option C ]

Curtains, Reveal, and Fade are valid PowerPoint transition effects that control how one slide changes to the next visually while Layout is related to the arrangement of slide content, not how the slides transition from one to another.

[ Option B ]

A Joystick is an input device used to control the movement or actions of a device or object in a graphical environment or machine. It typically consists of a stick that can move in multiple directions, often accompanied by buttons for performing additional actions.

Joysticks are commonly employed in situations where precise, real-time control of movement is required, such as operating industrial robots, playing computer games, or training with flight simulators.

[ Option D ]

In Microsoft Office 365 Word, to change the color of the document content area (background color), you use the Design tab. The Design tab is mainly for themes, formatting, and visual design.

[ Option B ]

Storage units are used to measure the amount of data in a computer, starting from the smallest unit, a bit, to larger units like byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), and terabyte (TB).

• Bit → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB → PB → EB → ZB → YB. Trick “Bharat Ke Modi Gaye Taj Pe Ek Zaruri Yatra”.

[ Option A ]

When you type a word or phrase into the search box of a search engine like Google or Bing, that input is called search query or more commonly keywords. The search engine uses these keywords to find and display relevant results from its database.

[ Option A ]

The Keyboard is the primary text input device of a computer, enabling users to enter alphanumeric and special characters directly.

[ Option D ]

The Percent (%) operator actually has a higher precedence than ^ (Exponentiation) and operates immediately after evaluating the number it follows.

[ Option A ]

[ Option B ]

In this section, you will find detailed explanations for similar types of questions. Thank you.

[ Option D ]

Sensors are specialized input devices that measure physical conditions such as, temperature, humidity / moisture, pressure, and light intensity. The sensor convert these measurements into electrical signals that a computer can process.

[ Option A ]

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server over a network. FTP allows users to upload, download, rename, delete, and manage files on remote servers efficiently.

[ Option B ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is often called the "BRAIN" of the computer. Its main job is fetch, decode, and execute instructions. The main components of the CPU are:

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles arithmetic and logical operations such as addition, subtraction, and bitwise operations.
• Control Unit (CU): Directs the operation of the processor by managing the flow of data and instructions within the CPU.
• Registers/Memory Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations for temporary data during instruction execution.

Visual Display Unit (VDU): The VDU is an output device used for displaying processed data, not a part of CPU internal architecture.

[ Option C ]

A Bus in a computer is a communication system that transfers data, addresses, and control signals between components like the CPU, memory, and I/O devices.

[ Option C ]

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, the parts that you can see and touch, such as the keyboard, monitor, printer, and motherboard. Hardware performs tasks based on the instructions given by software.

Software refers to the set of programs or instructions that tell the hardware how to perform specific tasks. It cannot be touched physically and includes applications like MS Word, Web Browser (Chrome, Firefox, Edge), and the operating system.

[ Option D ]

In MS Word, before printing a document, it is useful to see how the pages will look when printed. This is done through Print Preview. The shortcut key Ctrl + F2 is opens the Print Preview window. It allows you to:

• Check page layout.
• Verify margins, headers, footers.
• Ensure the content fits properly.

[ Option D ]

MS Excel supports many built-in functions for calculations and data analysis. Functions like count(), min(), and max() are all valid and are used to count items, find the minimum value, and find the maximum value in data, respectively.

Common Excel Mathematical Functions:

[ Option C ]

A Pointing Device is input device that allows a user to interact with a computer by controlling the movement of a pointer on the screen.

[ Option B ]

A language translator is a system software that converts programs written in a high-level language or assembly language into machine language (binary code) that the computer CPU can understand.

Since computers can only understand machine language (binary code), programs written in high-level or assembly languages need to be translated into machine code before execution. This translation enables the computer to perform the instructions specified by the programmer.

• Computers only understand machine language, so programs written in human-friendly languages need converting.
• They help detect and report errors in the code.
• They optimize programs for faster and more efficient execution.
• Different types of translators serve different purposes based on language types and usage scenarios.

[ Option B ]

EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. It is a special type of memory used in computers and electronics to store data that remains even when the power is turned off. What makes EEPROM useful is that it can be erased and rewritten using electrical signals without needing to remove the chip from the device.

This is faster and easier than older memory types that needed to be erased with ultraviolet (UV) light. EEPROM is commonly used to save important settings and small amounts of data that need to be updated regularly.

[ Option B ]

A spreadsheet program is a software application used to organize, analyse, and store data in tabular form.

Google Sheets, Zoho Sheet, and Microsoft Excel are well-known spreadsheet programs, but Rose Symphony is an office suite that does not include a standard spreadsheet application.

[ Option B ]

The "Today()" function is used in Excel, Google Sheets, and most spreadsheet applications to display the current date based on the system clock. The date will automatically update each time the spreadsheet is opened or recalculated.

[ Option A ]

Paragraph alignment determines how text is positioned horizontally on a page. Common alignments in MS Word are:

[ Option C ]

An Operating System (OS) is a system software that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware. It manages hardware resources and provides essential services for running applications.

[ Option C ]

In data communication, signals are used to transmit information between devices. There are two main types:

• Analog Signal : A continuous signal that varies smoothly over time , representing data like sound or light waves.
• Digital Signal : A discrete or discontinuous signal represented by binary values (0s and 1s).

Repeater : A device that amplifies weak signals and retransmits them to extend network distance.
Hub : A device that connects multiple devices in a network and forwards data to all connected (broadcasting) devices.

[ Option B ]

The Cyber Appellate Tribunal under the IT Act primarily deals with cybercrimes and disputes related to electronic records and digital transactions such as hacking, data theft, tampering, and unauthorized publishing of sensitive data.

Using a digital signature for authentication is a legal method for authenticating electronic records, not a cyber offense.

[ Option C ]

Globus Toolkit is an open-source software toolkit used for building grid computing systems, providing services like resource management, data management, security, and communication for distributed computing environments.

[ Option D ]

[ Option B ]

Supercomputers are extremely high-performance computers designed to perform complex and large-scale calculations at very high speeds. CRAY-2 is a famous supercomputer developed by Cray Research in the 1980s.

[ Option D ]

An OS has several key components, each responsible for managing a specific part of the computer:

1. The File System Manager is the component of an operating system responsible for managing files. It handles the creation, deletion, organization, access control, and storage allocation for files on storage devices.
2. The Memory Manager handles the management of system memory (RAM), allocating and deallocating space to processes.
3. The Process Manager controls processes, including their creation, scheduling, and termination.
4. The Device Driver acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware devices, managing device control and communication.

[ Option C ]

In MS Office applications like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, the shortcut Ctrl + D opens the Font preference window. This window allows users to customize font settings such as font type, size, style (bold, italic), color, and other text effects quickly without navigating through menus.

The shortcut key Ctrl + K inserts hyperlinks, Ctrl + L aligns text left, and Ctrl + C is used for copying text.

[ Option B ]

In MS Word and other MS Office applications like Excel, PowerPoint, formatting text can be done quickly using keyboard shortcuts.

[ Option B ]

In this section, you will find detailed explanations for similar types of questions. Thank you.

[ Option D ]

Computers are classified based on size, processing power, and purpose.

Parallel Computing: A method where multiple processors perform tasks simultaneously to increase speed. It is a computing technique, not a class of computer based on size or capacity.

[ Option C ]

The Calibri with a font size of 11 points has been the default font in Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) since Office 2007, replacing Times New Roman.

[ Option B ]

An IPv4 address is a 32-bit number used to uniquely identify a device on a network. It is usually represented in dotted decimal notation as four decimal numbers separated by dots, e.g., 192.248.0.1, where each number represents 8 bits.

[ Option C ]

MS-PowerPoint is a presentation software developed by Microsoft. It is specifically used to create slideshows for projects, reports, or any presentation.

[ Option D ]

Image Organizer software is designed to manage and arrange digital images efficiently. Unlike graphic editing software, which focuses on modifying images, image organizers help you:

• Resize images.
• Tag and categorize images for easy searching.
• Create albums and collections using drag-and-drop.
• Export images to other devices or formats.

[ Option A ]

[ Option B ]

In Microsoft Excel, a formula is an expression used to perform calculations or other actions on data in worksheet cells. Every valid Excel formula begins with an Equal Sign (=), which signals to Excel that the cell contains a formula, not just plain text, or numbers.

Remember:

• Equal Sign (=) : Used for starting a formula in Excel.
• Dollar Sign ($) : Used for absolute cell references in formulas.
• Hash Sign (#) : Used to indicate error messages or overflow in cells.
• At Sign (@) : Used for dynamic arrays or structured references.

[ Option C ]

[ Option D ]

RAM stands for Random Access Memory, which is a type of primary memory in a computer.

• RAM is Volatile, which means it loses its data when the power is turned off.
• RAM temporarily stores data and programs currently in use so the CPU can access them quickly.
• Called “Random Access” because CPU can access any memory location directly without reading sequentially.
• There are two types of RAM: DRAM (Dynamic RAM), which needs refreshing frequently to retain data, and SRAM (Static RAM), which does not need refreshing and is faster but more expensive.

[ Option A ]

In the proofing section of presentation software like Microsoft PowerPoint, common commands include:

• Research Button: Helps find information on a topic or word.
• Thesaurus Button: Provides synonyms and antonyms for a selected word.
• Spelling Button: Checks the presentation for spelling errors.

[ Option C ]

User Authentication is not a type of data input in spreadsheets. Authentication relates to verifying user identity and is handled by security systems, not by spreadsheet data entry.

[ Option C ]

When you save a presentation in Microsoft PowerPoint 365, the default file extension applied is .pptx. This is the modern XML-based file format introduced with Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions.

[ Option A ]

A Slide Transition is the special effect that occurs when moving from one slide to the next during an on-screen presentation in PowerPoint.
These effects can include fading, pushing, or other visual changes that make slide changes smoother and more engaging.

Difference Between Transition And Animation:

[ Option B ]

In this section, you will find detailed explanations for similar types of questions. Thank you.

[ Option C ]

Aryabhata was India’s first satellite, launched on 19 April 1975 by the Soviet Union using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. Marked the beginning of India’s space program under ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation).

[ Option D ]

Software licenses determine how software can be used, modified, and distributed. There are two types of software licenses: GPL (General Public License) or Open-Source Licenses, and Proprietary Licenses.

1. GPL Software is free and open source, allowing users to copy, modify, and distribute the software, even commercially, as long as derivative works also remain open. 
2. The Proprietary Software is copyrighted and owned by the developer or company, and users are prohibited from copying, modifying, or distributing it without permission.

Examples of GPL software include Linux, LibreOffice, Mozilla Firefox, WordPress and GIMP, while proprietary software includes Microsoft Windows, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Dreamweaver, and Microsoft Office.

[ Option D ]

An Algorithm is a finite (terminate after a certain number of steps) set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem or perform a task. A recipe in cookbook is good example of an algorithm.

• Firmware Program: Firmware is software programmed into hardware to control device functions.
• Software Bug: A bug is an error or flaw in software that causes incorrect or unexpected results.

[ Option B ]

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on objects, which contain data and methods (code to manipulate that data).

[ Option B ]

A Register is a small and very fast storage location inside the CPU (Central Processing Unit) used to temporarily hold data, instructions, or addresses that the CPU needs immediately during processing.

[ Option B ]

Sorting in a spreadsheet like MS Excel, refers to arranging data in a specific order, either ascending (smallest to largest or A to Z) or descending (largest to smallest or Z to A). This helps organize data logically for easier analysis and viewing.

[ Option C ]

Cloud Storage is an online storage system that requires internet connectivity to store, access, and manage data on remote servers maintained by third-party providers.

• Cloud storage stores data on Internet-connected servers hosted and managed by cloud providers.
• Users upload data via internet connection and can access it anytime from anywhere using websites, apps, or APIs.
• It offers scalable storage capacity without the need for local hardware.
• Examples include Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive, Amazon S3, and Microsoft Azure Storage etc.

[ Option D ]

Computer memory is broadly classified into volatile (loses data when power is turned off) and non-volatile (retains data even after power is turned off) memory. ROM is a type of non-volatile memory, while Static RAM, Dynamic RAM, and Cache Memory are all volatile.

[ Option A ]

The C programming language was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at [AT & T (American Telephone and Telegraph)] Bell Laboratories , USA.

• Guido van Rossum : Developed Python Language.
• John von Neumann : Proposed the architecture for modern computers.

[ Option D ]

Data in computers is stored in binary form as bits (0 or 1), which are the smallest possible units. The hierarchy is starting from Bits → Nibble → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB → PB.

However, among the given options (KB, GB, Byte, Nibble), the smallest unit is the Nibble (4 bits), which is smaller than a byte (8 bits).

[ Option B ]

UPI (Unified Payments Interface), IMPS (Immediate Payment Service), and NEFT (National Electronic Funds Transfer) are all means of transferring money electronically in India.

IFSC (Indian Financial System Code) is not a method of money transfer, rather, it is a unique alphanumeric code used to identify a specific bank branch in India.

One additional payment system is RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement), which is used for large-value transactions and processes transfers instantly in real time without waiting for batch settlements.

[ Option A ]

A Pivot Table is a powerful feature in Microsoft Excel used to summarize, analyze, explore, and present large sets of data quickly. Pivot Tables let users drag and drop fields to quickly change reports and analyze data trends interactively.

IMPORTANT EXCEL FEATURES:

[ Option C ]

Black Hat hackers are individuals who illegally break into computer systems with malicious intent such as identity theft (steal personal or financial information), monetary gain (ransomware attacks), or leaking sensitive information (leak confidential data). They aim to exploit, damage, or steal data rather than improve system performance.

Improving system performance is not a reason for black hat hacking. It is usually associated with White Hat hackers who ethically test and strengthen system security.

[ Option D ]

A spreadsheet program is software that organizes data into rows and columns, allowing users to perform calculations, create charts, and analyze data. The spreadsheet program in MS Office is MS Excel.

[ Option B ]

In Microsoft Excel, a formula is an expression used to perform calculations or other actions on data in worksheet cells. Every valid Excel formula begins with an Equal Sign (=), which signals to Excel that the cell contains a formula, not just plain text, or numbers.

Remember:

• Equal Sign (=) : Used for starting a formula in Excel.
• Dollar Sign ($) : Used for absolute cell references in formulas.
• Hash Sign (#) : Used to indicate error messages or overflow in cells.
• At Sign (@) : Used for dynamic arrays or structured references.

[ Option B ]

Printers are output devices that produce hard copies of digital documents. Common printer types are:

• Inkjet Printer (Non-Impact Printers) : Sprays tiny droplets of liquid ink directly onto paper. Widely used for home and office printing.
• Dot-Matrix Printer (Impact Printers) : Uses pins to strike an ink ribbon and form characters.
• Laser Printer (Non-Impact Printers) : Uses laser beam and toner powder to print high-quality text or images, popular in offices.
• 3D Printer (Non-Impact Printers) : A printer type that creates three-dimensional objects by laying down material layer by layer, used in prototyping and manufacturing.
   

[ Option C ]

Social Media refers to platforms and tools that allow users to create, share, and interact with content online. Common modes of social media:

[ Option D ]

Storage units are used to measure the amount of data in a computer, starting from the smallest unit, a bit, to larger units like byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), and terabyte (TB).

• Bit → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB → PB → EB → ZB → YB. Trick “Bharat Ke Modi Gaye Taj Pe Ek Zaruri Yatra”.

[ Option A ]

The smallest unit of data in a computer is a bit, which stands for binary digit. A bit can hold only one of two values: 0 or 1.

[ Option C ]

[ Option B ]

In Microsoft Excel, a Workbook (Excel file) contains one or more Worksheets (commonly called "sheets"). Each sheet has a name, shown on the sheet tab at the bottom (like Sheet1, Sheet2, etc.). Users can rename sheets to give them meaningful names (like RSSB_Questions, RPSC_Questions, etc.).

When naming an Excel worksheet (sheet), the name must have at least 1 character (it cannot be left blank) and name cannot exceed 31 characters. The name cannot contain certain characters like:

• : (Colon)
• \ (Backslash)
• / (Forward Slash)
• ? (Question Mark)
• * (Asterisk)
• [ (Left Square Brackets)
• ] (Right Square Brackets)
• Cannot begin or end with a single quote ( ' ).

[ Option D ]

Text alignment determines how text is positioned within a paragraph or document.

[ Option D ]

[ Option B ]

A computer has several key characteristics that make it a powerful tool. It is fast (Speed), capable of performing multiple types of tasks (Versatility), accurate and dependable (Reliability), and can work tirelessly on repetitive tasks without errors (Diligence).

[ Option C ]

A computer system communicates with the outside world through input and output devices. 
Input Devices are used to send data and instructions to the computer, allowing users to interact with and control the system. Examples of input devices include the keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone. 

Output Devices receive information from the computer and present it in a form understandable to the user. Common examples of output devices are monitors, printers, and speakers.

[ Option A ]

Antivirus software is also called Antimalware, because it protects the system not only from viruses but also from other malicious software like worms, trojans, spyware, and ransomware.

MALWARE / MALICIOUS SOFTWARE TYPES:

[ Option D ]

A computer network is a collection of computers and devices connected to share resources and data.
PAN (Personal Area Network) is a type of computer network. PAN refers to a network for interconnecting devices within a very small area, typically within a person's reach (e.g., Bluetooth devices).
Ring, Bus, Star , Tree, Mesh and Hybrid, are types of network topologies. They describe how computers or devices are physically or logically connected in a network.

[ Option A ]

Social media refers to platforms and tools that allow users to create, share, and interact with content online. Common modes of social media:

Hotmail or Hot Mail (now Outlook.com) is an email service provider and not a social networking website.

[ Option C ]

In computer storage, memory is measured in bytes, and larger units are multiples of bytes:

[ Option D ]

An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

The key functions of an OS includes, process management, memory management, file management, device management, user interface etc.

[ Option A ]

[ Option A ]

The main function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in computers is to process data. It acts as the brain of the computer. The CPU performs three major tasks:

• Fetch, takes instructions from memory.
• Decode, interprets the instructions.
• Execute, processes the data and gives output.
   

[ Option A ]

In Microsoft Word, the shortcut key Ctrl + W is used to close the currently open document. This shortcut quickly closes the document window without exiting the entire Word application.

[ Option A ]

In this section, you will find detailed explanations for similar types of questions. Thank you.

[ Option C ]

[ Option B ]

In network security, communication between two devices can be intercepted by malicious users. Eavesdropping is the unauthorized real-time interception or monitoring of private communication between two entities over a network. It can involve listening to voice calls, reading emails or data transmissions without consent, exploiting unsecured or weakly secured communication channels.

[ Option B ]

Storage devices are used to store data and information in a computer. An optical storage device is a storage medium from which data is read and to which it is written by using a laser.

[ Option C ]

Inside a computer, different parts like CPU, memory, input-output devices need to communicate with each other. For example, CPU takes instructions from memory, memory sends data to CPU, CPU sends results to output devices. For this communication, data must move from one component to another.

A bus in a computer system is a collection of physical wires that carries data, addresses, and control signals between different parts of the computer. The bus makes sure all parts of the computer can share and exchange data quickly and smoothly, so the system works together as one unit. There are mainly three types of buses:

[ Option D ]

In Microsoft Excel, the shortcut key to hide the selected column is Ctrl + 0. This shortcut quickly hides the entire column containing the selected cell(s).

[ Option B ]

Bitwise operators are used to perform operations directly on the binary representations (bits) of integer numbers. The common bitwise operator are:

The symbol "." (dot) is not a bitwise operator. It is commonly used as a member access operator in programming languages like C, C++, and Java for accessing fields or methods of a structure or object.

[ Option D ]

A printer is an output device that produces a hard copy of text, images, or graphics from a computer or other digital devices. Printers are classified based on the mechanism used to print, speed, and quality of output.

1. Impact Printers, print by physically striking an ink ribbon against the paper.
2. Non-Impact Printers, print without physically striking the paper, using heat, laser, or ink.
3. 3D Printers, create three-dimensional objects by layering material according to a digital model.
4. Multifunction Printers (MFPs), combine printing, scanning, copying, and sometimes faxing into a single device.

Laser printers are known for their high speed, high quality output, and relatively quiet operation compared to older types like dot-matrix or typewriter printers.

[ Option B ]

[ Option D ]

In MS Word, font size can be increased or decreased using keyboard shortcuts:

[ Option D ]

Quick Access Toolbar (QAT) is a small, customizable toolbar that lets you place your most-used commands (like Save, Undo, Redo, etc.) in one place. By default, the QAT is located at the top left corner of the Word window, just above the Ribbon and next to the title bar.

[ Option B ]

The function RIGHT(text, num_chars), returns the last num_chars characters from a given text string.
Syntax:
RIGHT(text, num_chars)

• The text is the string from which you want to extract characters.
• The num_chars is number of characters to extract from the right end of the string.

The string "india" has 5 characters. The function =RIGHT("india", 2) returns last 2 characters, which are "i" and "a", i.e, "ia".

[ DELETE ]

A contactless protocol refers to wireless technologies such as NFC (Near Field Communication) or RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), which allow devices to exchange data without physical contact.

• They are commonly used in contactless payment and identification systems.

None of the above options is contactless among the given choices. Common contactless protocols are NFC and RFID.

[ Option A ]

The Control Unit (CU) is a crucial part of the CPU (Central Processing Unit) responsible for managing and coordinating the execution of instructions. Its main functions include:

• Directs and coordinates the operations of the CPU, memory, and input/output devices.
• Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions from memory.
   

[ Option B ]

When a computer is connected to the internet, it needs a way to identify itself uniquely so that data can be sent and received correctly. This unique identity is called an IP Address (Internet Protocol Address).

• No two devices on the same network can have the same IP address simultaneously, this uniqueness is essential for routing data correctly.

[ Option D ]

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a type of cyberattack that aims to make a computer system or network unavailable to its legitimate users. It does this by overloading the system with excessive requests, causing it to slow down or crash completely.

• Phishing tries to steal sensitive data like passwords.
• Spamming floods users with unwanted messages.
• Virus infects and damages files or programs.

[ Option A ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is called the “electronic brain or brain” of computer because it controls all operations and processes data.

[ Option B ]

Primary Memory, also called Main Memory, is the type of memory that the CPU can directly access to perform operations. It is mainly of two types: RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory).
RAM is a temporary and volatile memory, meaning the data stored in it is lost once the power is switched off. On the other hand, ROM is permanent and non-volatile, as it retains data even after the power is turned off.
ROM is designed to store essential software required for the system to boot and operate, such as firmware or BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).

• Non-Volatile: ROM retains its data even when the power is turned off.
• Read-Only: Data stored in ROM can be retrieved, but is not easily altered or erased by regular processes.

Types of ROM:

1. ROM (Read Only Memory) : Permanently stores instructions, cannot be modified.
2. PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) : User can program it once, not erasable.
3. EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) : Erasable by ultraviolet (UV) light, reusable.
4. EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) : Erased and reprogrammed electrically, byte by byte.
5. Flash Memory (type of EEPROM) : A faster type of EEPROM, erased and written in blocks, used in USB drives and SSDs.

[ Option D ]

System Software is a type of software that helps manage and control computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. It is essential for the functioning of a computer. The examples of system software included, Operating System (OS), System Utilities, Device Drivers, Language Translator etc.

[ Option A ]

Storage units are used to measure the amount of data in a computer, starting from the smallest unit, a bit, to larger units like byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), and terabyte (TB).

• Bit → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB → PB → EB → ZB → YB. Trick “Bharat Ke Modi Gaye Taj Pe Ek Zaruri Yatra”.

[ Option B ]

A Flash Drive is a form of Auxiliary Memory, also known as Secondary Storage. Auxiliary memory includes external and non-volatile storage devices, such as hard disks, SSDs, flash drives, CDs, and DVDs, used for data backup, transport, and long-term data retention.

Flash drives store data persistently and externally, they are not used as main memory or ROM inside the computer.

[ Option C ]

In this section, you will find detailed explanations for similar types of questions. Thank you.

[ Option C ]

[ Option C ]

Computer generations are classified based on the technology used in their hardware. Each generation shows significant improvements in speed, size, reliability, and efficiency over the previous one. They also differ in the type of memory, input/output devices, and programming languages used, reflecting the evolution of computing technology over time.

Must Know:

• ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, developed in 1945, was the first general-purpose electronic computer.
• UNIVAC I: Universal Automatic Computer I, introduced in 1951, was the first commercially produced digital computer in the U.S.
• IBM 701: International Business Machines 701, released in 1952, was IBM's first commercial scientific computer. 
• EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer, completed in 1951, was one of the earliest electronic computers.
• EDSAC: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator.
• IBM 1401: Introduced in 1959, was a transistorized computer system used for business data processing.
• CDC 1604: Developed in 1958, was one of the first commercially successful transistorized computers.
• PDP-8: Released in 1965, was the first commercially successful minicomputer, using integrated circuits.
• PDP-11: Introduced in 1970, was a series of 16-bit minicomputers using integrated circuits.
• Intel 8086: Introduced in 1978, was a 16-bit microprocessor, marking the beginning of the x86 architecture.
• IBM PC: Introduced in 1981, was a personal computer based on the Intel 8088 microprocessor.
• Apple II: Released in 1977, was one of the first pre-assembled personal computers.

[ Option B ]

In older versions of Microsoft Excel (Excel 2003), the maximum number of rows per worksheet was 65,536 (2¹⁶). The number of columns in those versions was 256. This limit was increased in later versions (starting from Excel 2007) to 10,48,576 rows and columns to 16,384.

[ Option B ]

Computers can be classified into three types based on functioning (how they process data):

1. Analog computers process continuous data and are used for measurements and scientific calculations.
2. Digital computers process discrete data, using binary digits (0s and 1s), and are the most common type today.
3. Hybrid computers combine the features of both analog and digital computers to process both types of data.

Therefore, Hydrobrid is not a valid category of computers based on their functioning.

[ Option D ]

HTTP is the foundation of communication on the World Wide Web (WWW). It defines how messages are formatted and transmitted between a web browser (client) and a web server (server). When you type https://www.surakuacademy.com, your browser uses HTTP to request the webpage from the server.

[ Option C ]

[ Option C ]

Mai-Merge is a powerful feature in Microsoft Word that allows you to create multiple personalized documents (like letters, envelopes, or labels) using data from a list or database.

Instead of typing each document individually, Mail-Merge automatically inserts unique details into a standard template, saving time and reducing errors.

• It saves a lot of time and effort by automating the creation of multiple personalized documents like letters or emails.
• It can maintain the details of all recipients by linking to a data source such as an Excel spreadsheet or address book, pulling in the personalized information automatically.

[ Option C ]

Conditional Formatting in MS Excel is the feature that highlights unusual and interesting data by automatically changing the appearance of cells or a cell range based on specified conditions. Users can set rules based on numbers, text, or formulas. For example, highlighting cells greater than a certain value, duplicate entries, or specific dates.

COMMONLY USED CONDITIONAL FORMATTING OPTIONS:

• Merge and Center : Combines multiple cells into one and centers text.
• What-If Analysis : Used for forecasting and scenario analysis.
• Wrap Text : Displays text on multiple lines within a single cell.

[ Option B ]

Aryabhata was India’s first satellite, launched on 19 April 1975 by the Soviet Union using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. Marked the beginning of India’s space program under ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation).

[ Option D ]

GUI (Graphical User Interface) is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with a computer visually, using icons, buttons, windows, and menus, instead of typing commands in text form. GUIs are common in almost all modern operating systems (like Windows, macOS, Linux), mobile devices (iOS, Android), and software applications.

[ Option C ]

In MS PowerPoint, a chart is used to graphically represent data on a slide. Charts help in visualizing trends, comparisons, and patterns in numerical data, making it easier for the audience to understand. To insert a chart into a slide, you use the Insert > Chart option.

• Go to the Insert tab.
• Click Chart.
• Choose the chart type (e.g., Column, Line, Pie, Bar).
• Enter or edit data in the Excel sheet that opens.

[ Option C ]

In Microsoft Excel, navigating between different sheets (worksheets) within a workbook can be quickly done using keyboard shortcuts.

[ Option B ]

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is often called the "BRAIN" of the computer. Its main job is fetch, decode, and execute instructions. The main components of the CPU are:

1. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles arithmetic and logical operations such as addition, subtraction, and bitwise operations.
2. Control Unit (CU): Directs the operation of the processor by managing the flow of data and instructions within the CPU.
3. Registers / Memory Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations for temporary data during instruction execution.

Visual Display Unit (VDU): The VDU is an output device used for displaying processed data, not a part of CPU internal architecture.

[ Option A ]

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screens are widely used in gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones because they are:

• Thin and lightweight.
• Energy-efficient.
• Capable of displaying clear text and simple graphics.

[ Option D ]

Data Transfer Rate is the measurement of how much data (in bits or bytes) is transmitted from one place (source) to another (destination) in a given amount of time, typically one second.

It is commonly measured in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (Kbps), megabits per second (Mbps), or gigabits per second (Gbps).

[ Option B ]

The <select> tag in HTML is used to create a drop-down list. It is usually combined with <option> tags which define the options available in the menu.

<select name="Course">
  <option value="BCI">Basic Computer Instructor</option>
  <option value="SCI">Senior Computer Instructor</option>
  <option value="Patwar">RSSB Patwar Exam</option>
  <option value=”IA”>DOITC Informatics Assistant</option>
</select>

[ Option A ]

VisiCalc, released in 1979 for the Apple II computer, is recognized as the first spreadsheet software package.

[ Option D ]

The PMT (Payment) function in Excel calculates periodic loan payments considering a fixed interest rate, loan term, and principal.

Syntax: =PMT(rate, nper, pv) 
Where:
Rate = Interest rate per period.
Nper = Total number of payment periods.
Pv = Present value or loan amount.

MS Excel : Financial Functions:

[ Option C ]

BCD (Binary-Coded Decimal) is a way of representing decimal digits (0–9) in binary form. Each decimal digit is represented by 4 bits.

Add the two BCD numbers like normal binary addition: 0010 (2) + 0011 (3) = 0101 (5). Since the sum (5 → 0101) is less than 10 (not greater than 9 (1001)) , no correction is needed. If the sum is greater than 9 (1001), add 6 (0110) to correct it. Consider the below example:

[ Option A ]

[ Option D ]

Registers are small, very fast storage locations inside the CPU that temporarily hold:

• Data being processed.
• Instructions currently being executed.
• Intermediate results during calculations.

Register provides the fastest access to data for the CPU compared to other types of memory. They hold operands, addresses, or instructions needed immediately by the CPU to perform calculations and other operations.

[ Option D ]

Ping is a network utility used to test the connectivity between your computer and another device on a network using its IP address or domain name.
It works by sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request messages to the target device and waits for an Echo Reply.
 

[ Option C ]

[ Option B ]

Multithreading OS refers to operating systems that support multiple threads within a single process to improve efficiency. Basically, multithreading is a feature of modern OS.
Multiprogramming OS allows multiple programs to run on a computer at the same time by managing CPU time effectively.
Multitasking OS lets users run multiple applications simultaneously by rapidly switching between tasks.

[ Option D ]

Modern e-book readers such as Amazon Kindle or Kobo have become popular due to their lightweight design, portability, and eye-friendly screens.
Unlike traditional screens that emit light, these devices use a special display technology called E-Ink (Electronic Ink).

• E-Ink is a special type of ink used in e-book readers, mimicking the appearance of ink on paper.
• It is light, power-efficient, and comfortable for reading for long periods without eye strain.
• E-Ink technology uses tiny microcapsules with charged particles that move to create text and images.

[ Option B ]

When you save a presentation in Microsoft PowerPoint 365, the default file extension applied is .pptx. This is the modern XML-based file format introduced with Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions.

[ Option C ]

Linux is a family of open-source operating systems based on the Unix architecture. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and is widely used due to its flexibility, security, and the fact that its source code is freely available for anyone to view, modify, and distribute.

[ Option A ]

In MS Word, formatting means changing the appearance of text or document elements without changing the content. Formatting can be applied at the Character Level (font style, color, bold, italic), Paragraph Level (alignment, indentation, spacing), and Page Level (margins, orientation, page borders).

[ Option D ]

A Barcode Reader (BCR) is an input device used to scan and interpret barcodes on products or documents. Its main functions include:

• Capture Information : Uses a laser or camera to detect the barcode.
• Read Information : Identifies the pattern of bars and spaces.
• Translate the Barcode : Converts the scanned barcode into numerical or alphabetical data that the computer can process.

[ Option D ]

Instant Messaging (IM) is a service that allows users to send and receive messages in real time over the internet. Google Hangout, Yahoo Messenger, and Facebook Messenger are instant messaging platforms that allow real-time text communication.

A browser like Google Chrome is only a platform to access web services. It does not directly provide instant messaging.

[ Option B ]

A Monitor is a device used to display output from a computer directly on a screen. Common types of monitors include LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), Plasma, and CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors.
Projector, however, projects images onto a screen or wall and is not a monitor itself. It only displays output indirectly.

[ Option B ]

Every website on the internet has a unique address that helps browsers locate and access it. This address is known as a URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
A URL typically consists of: https://www.surakuacademy.com/rssb-previous-exam-computer-question-solution, where

[ Option B ]

Web Hosting is a service that allows individuals or organizations to publish a website on the Internet. Hosting providers maintain servers that are always connected to the Internet, ensuring the website is available 24×7 globally.

[ Option A ]

We need to convert binary number (101110)₂ into octal (base 8). Rule for Binary to Octal Conversion is:

• Group binary digits into 3 bits (from right to left).
• Convert each 3-bit group into its octal equivalent.

Here, (101110)₂ can be grouped as 101 and 110. The binary group 101 equals 5 in decimal, and 110 equals 6 in decimal, which gives us the octal number (56)₈.

[ Option C ]

In a multiprocessor system, multiple CPUs may each have their own local cache to store frequently used data for faster access, but the problem is when the same memory location is cached by multiple processors, one processor might update its copy while other processors still have stale data in their caches, and the solution is cache coherence, which ensures that all processors see a consistent view of memory by propagating any change made in one cache to the others so that all processors have the correct and up-to-date data.

• Cache Replacement deals with managing which cache data are replaced.
• Cache Partitioning involves dividing cache into parts.
• Cache Latency refers to delay in cache access.

[ Option B ]

[ Option D ]

In a spreadsheet application like MS Excel or Google Sheets, the Wrap Text option is used to display the entire text within a single cell by breaking the text into multiple lines automatically based on the cell width.

• Without wrapping, long text will overflow into adjacent empty cells or get cut off.
• Enabling Wrap Text adjusts the row height so all the text remains visible inside the cell, improving readability.

[ Option C ]

In MS PowerPoint, Fly In is one of the Entrance Animation Effects. It makes text, images, or objects fly into the slide from a specific direction (top, bottom, left, right, etc.). it is used to grab attention and make a presentation more dynamic.

[ Option C ]

In MS Word, the Table of Contents feature is found under the References tab on the ribbon. The References tab contains tools for managing citations, footnotes, captions, and the Table of Contents.

Important options available in the References tab:

[ Option D ]

An input device is a hardware device used to provide data and control signals to a computer. It allows users to enter information into the computer system for processing.

Input Devices and Their Functions:

Output Devices and Their Functions:

Devices with Both Input and Output Functions:

[ Option D ]

Must Know :

F6 / Shift+F6 : This switches between panes like worksheet, ribbon, task pane, status bar, not between workbooks.

Ctrl + Page Up : This switches to the previous worksheet within the same workbook, not another workbook.

Ctrl + Shift + F6 : This switches to the previous workbook window when multiple are open.

Ctrl + F6 : This switches to the next workbook window.

Must Know :

F6 / Shift+F6 : This switches between panes like worksheet, ribbon, task pane, status bar, not between workbooks.

Ctrl + Page Up : This switches to the previous worksheet within the same workbook, not another workbook.

Ctrl + Shift + F6 : This switches to the previous workbook window when multiple are open.

Ctrl + F6 : This switches to the next workbook window.

[ Option C ]

In Microsoft Office applications like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, you can manually enter font sizes beyond the preset dropdown list. The maximum font size that can be applied to any character is 1638 points.

[ Option C ]

• A Dynamic Web Page displays content that can change based on the user, time, location, or interaction. Different users may see different content.
• A Static Web Page displays the same content to all users without variation.

[ Option D ]

[ Option A ]

Storage units are used to measure the amount of data in a computer, starting from the smallest unit, a bit, to larger units like byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), and terabyte (TB).

• Bit → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB → PB → EB → ZB → YB.