This section contains carefully selected MCQs and Previous Year Questions with explanations to help students understand concepts and prepare effectively for examinations, interviews, and competitive tests.
Q: 1_________ are conceptual and non-physical entities that may be formulas, representation or model of a real system.
Option B
Abstract Systems are conceptual and non-physical entities that represent ideas, models, or formulas of real systems. They do not exist physically but serve as representations or theoretical constructs to study, analyze, or simulate how a real system functions.
Abstract Systems are conceptual, meaning they do not have a physical form. They exist as ideas, models, formulas, diagrams, or representations of a real system. Examples included, mathematical formulas, economic models, organizational charts, logical flow diagrams, theoretical computer models etc.
| TYPE OF SYSTEM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| Physical Systems | Tangible and material systems that exist in reality. |
| Abstract Systems | Conceptual or non-physical models or representations of real systems. |
| Deterministic Systems | Systems where outputs are precisely determined by inputs without randomness. |
| Probabilistic Systems | Systems with inherent randomness or uncertainty in outputs. |
| Open Systems | Systems that interact with their environment and exchange matter, energy, or information. |
| Closed Systems | Systems that do not interact with their environment. |
| Static Systems | Systems with outputs dependent only on current inputs, not time or past states. |
| Dynamic Systems | Systems where outputs depend on time and history of inputs, exhibiting behavior over time. |
Q: 2The process of organizing subsystems so as to reduce the number of interconnections is termed as ________________.
Option B
Simplification is the process of organizing subsystems in such a way that the number of interconnections between them is reduced. In system design, when a large system is broken down into smaller subsystems, each subsystem interacts with others through interfaces.
Simplification aims to minimize these connections, making the system easier to understand, maintain, and modify.
Q: 3_______________ are computerized information systems that were developed to process large amount of data for routine business transactions such as payroll and inventory.
Option C
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) are computerized information systems designed to process large amounts of data related to routine business transactions such as payroll, inventory management, order processing, and billing.
TPS ensures efficient, reliable, and accurate processing of business transactions in real-time or batch mode. They maintain data integrity, rapid response, and controlled processing.
TPS SYSTEMS FOCUS ON:
Q: 4Which of the following is not a characteristic of software?
Option C
Unlike hardware, software does not physically wear out but may require updates due to evolving user needs or environment changes.
Q: 5Mr. X is a member of System Development Team who visits his client company XYZ Ltd. frequently to interview its employees to gather the details regarding the drawbacks of the existing system in the company XYZ Ltd. and understand their future requirements. Identify the role Mr. X is performing.
Option C
A System Analyst plays a key role in system development. Their primary responsibility is to study the existing system, understand its problems, and gather requirements for the new system.
Q: 6The goal of requirements _______________ is to collect and document what various stakeholders want from the software that is to be built.
Option B
The goal of Requirements Gathering is to collect and document the needs, expectations, and desires of various stakeholders regarding the software to be built. Requirements gathering is a critical early phase in software development focused on understanding what stakeholders want from the system. The collected information forms the basis for analysis, design, and implementation.
Q: 7What is Customer Relationship Management?
Option A
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a business strategy and technology used by organizations to manage interactions and relationships with customers. CRM helps companies improve customer service, increase customer satisfaction, and maintain long-term relationships with customers.
Q: 8A ___________ is a record of historical data that remains in a file, used for reference and serves as control on key details.
Option C
Q: 9____________ refers to the automation of anything that humans do to develop systems and supports virtually all phases of Traditional System Development Process.
Option B
System Development involved manual processes which were time-consuming and prone to errors. CASE tools provide an environment where activities such as diagramming, code generation, version control, and testing are partially or fully automated.
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) refers to the use of software tools that automate many activities humans perform during system development.
Compared to a Data Flow Diagram (DFD), which simply shows the movement of data in a system and is used only in the analysis phase, CASE tools work throughout all phases of SDLC.
Q: 10The primary goal of System Analysis is to:
Option B
System analysis focuses on gathering and understanding user requirements and identifying system problems before design and implementation begin.
Q: 11Software Engineering is mainly concerned with:
Option C
Software Engineering applies engineering methods and systematic approaches to software development, ensuring quality and reliability.
Q: 12The interconnections and interactions between the sub-systems are termed as ______________.
Option B
In a system, you have multiple sub-systems (smaller parts) that work together. For these sub-systems to exchange data, signals, or control information, they must be connected in a meaningful way. This connection is called an Interface. An interface specifies:
Q: 13Which one of the following correctly defines a System?
Option A
A System is fundamentally a collection of interrelated components working together to achieve a common goal. These components or subsystems interact and depend on each other to produce a unified output or outcome.
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