This section contains carefully selected MCQs and Previous Year Questions with explanations to help students understand concepts and prepare effectively for examinations, interviews, and competitive tests.
Q: 1Fact Finding Technique through ___________ enables the analysts to collect a large amount of data through a variety of users quickly.
Option D
A questionnaire is a fact-finding technique where the analyst prepares a set of structured questions and distributes them to many users. Because users can fill them out independently, this technique allows analysts to:
This is why questionnaires are preferred when the analyst needs large-scale data collection in less time.
| TECHNIQUE | DESCRIPTION | ADVANTAGES | DISADVANTAGES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interview | Direct, face-to-face or group discussion with users to gather detailed information. | Very detailed information. Can clarify doubts instantly. Helps understand user feelings and attitudes. | Time-consuming. Requires good interviewer skills. |
| Questionnaire | A written set of questions distributed to many users to collect data quickly. | Collects data from a large number of users. Fast and cost-effective. Responses are easy to analyze. | Limited depth of answers. Sometimes low response rate. Cannot clarify users doubts immediately. |
| Observation | Analyst watches users perform tasks in real working conditions. | Shows actual workflow. Helps identify hidden problems. Useful when tasks are hard to explain. | Time-consuming. Users may change behavior while being observed. |
| Document Review | Studying existing reports, forms, files, manuals, logs, and records of the current system. | Provides historical and backup data. Saves time by showing existing problems and patterns. | Documents may be outdated. Missing or incomplete documents reduce effectiveness. |
| Joint Application Development (JAD) | Structured workshop with users, analysts, and managers to discuss requirements. | Fast decision-making. Encourages teamwork and shared understanding. Reduces follow-up meetings. | Requires experienced facilitator. Scheduling all participants is difficult. |
| Prototyping | Building a small model of the system to get user feedback and refine requirements. | Helps users visualize the system. Early error detection. Improves final system quality. | May increase time and cost. |
Q: 2Functional requirements describe:
Option B
Functional requirements define system behavior and the specific operations the system performs.
Q: 3Which of the following domains is NOT typically part of a requirements (analysis) model?
Option D
During the requirements analysis phase of software engineering, the main goal is to understand what the system should do, not how it will be built. The requirements analysis focuses on describing the system in terms of information, functions, and behavior.
However, the Architectural Domain is not part of the requirements model. It comes later in the design phase, where the system overall structure and organization are defined.
Q: 4“System Requirements Specification (SRS)” document is prepared by the System Analyst at the end of ________________ phase of System Development Life Cycle.
Option D
The System Requirements Specification (SRS) document is prepared by the System Analyst at the end of the Systems Requirement Analysis phase of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). This phase involves:
Q: 5A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is used to:
Option B
A DFD visually depicts the flow of data within a system, including sources, processes, and data stores.
Q: 6Conducting study to find out if the proposed system can be used by the employees or not is covered under the _____________ feasibility.
Option D
Operational Feasibility assesses whether the proposed system can be effectively used by the employees and integrated into the existing organizational environment. It examines how well the solution satisfies the identified requirements, problem-solving ability, user acceptance, and operational workflow compatibility.
| TYPE OF FEASIBILITY | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| Technical Feasibility | Checks whether the required technology, hardware, software, and technical expertise are available to develop and implement the system. |
| Economic Feasibility | Evaluates whether the benefits of the proposed system outweigh the costs. It is also called cost–benefit analysis. |
| Operational Feasibility | Determines whether the system will work in the real business environment and whether employees and users will accept and use it effectively. |
| Schedule Feasibility | Assesses whether the system can be developed and implemented within the available time frame or deadlines. |
| Legal Feasibility | Ensures that the proposed system complies with relevant laws, regulations, and policies. |
| Behavioral Feasibility | Checks how users will react to the new system and whether they will adapt to the changes introduced. |
| Organizational Feasibility | Verifies whether the system fits within the organizational structure, culture, and business goals. |
| Market Feasibility | Assesses market acceptance and demand for the proposed system or product. |
Q: 7______ specification is also known as SRS document.
Option C
The Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document is also known as the black box specification. It describes the what of the system, i.e., the functionality and requirements without detailing the internal workings or implementation (hence, "black box").
| Specification Type | Also Known As | Perspective | Focus | Used In |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black Box | SRS Document | User View | What the system does. | Requirement Analysis |
| White Box | Structural Specification | Developer View | How the system works internally. | Design, Coding, Unit Testing |
| Grey Box | Hybrid Specification | Tester View | Combination of functional and some internal details. | Integration, System, Security Testing |
Q: 8Which of the following are included in the user documentation of program?
I. Program formatting.
II. Description of program and its purpose.
III. Description of program output.
Option A
User Documentation is written for the people who will use the program or software. It explains what the program does, why it is used, how it works from the users point of view, and what kind of results or output the user can expect.
| Statement | Status | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Program formatting | Incorrect | Related to source-code/program documentation rather than user documentation. |
| Description of program and its purpose | Correct | Helps users understand the purpose and functionality of the program. |
| Description of program output | Correct | Helps users understand and interpret the results produced by the program. |
Q: 9Which of the following document contains the user system requirement?
Option D
The document that contains the user system requirements is the SRS (Software Requirements Specification) document. The SRS document details the functional and non-functional requirements of the system from the user's perspective. It serves as a contract between the client and the developers, outlining what the software should do and how it should perform.
DDD (Detailed Design Document), contains detailed design of modules, algorithms, and data structures.
SDD (Software Design Document), Provides high-level and low-level design details.
Q: 10Which statement(s) is/are correct regarding the feasibility study?
I. It determines whether developing the product is financially feasible.
II. It determines whether developing the product is technically feasible.
Option C
A Feasibility Study is carried out before or during the early stage of software development to determine whether a proposed software product is practical and achievable. It helps the organization decide whether the project should be developed.
A feasibility study examines different aspects of a project, including financial feasibility and technical feasibility.
Financial Feasibility: Can the organization afford the development, hosting, maintenance, and other costs?
Technical Feasibility: Does the organization have the required technology, servers, software, and technical expertise to build the system?
Types of Feasibility Study:
| Type of Feasibility | What Checks? | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Technical Feasibility | Availability and suitability of technology. | Checks whether the required hardware, software, technology, technical skills, and resources are available to develop the system. |
| Economic Feasibility | Cost and financial benefits. | Checks whether the project is financially worthwhile by comparing development/operating costs with expected benefits. |
| Operational Feasibility | Practicality of operating the system. | Checks whether the proposed system will work effectively in the organization's existing operations and whether users can use and accept it. |
| Schedule Feasibility | Time required for development. | Checks whether the project can be completed within the required time period. |
| Legal Feasibility | Compliance with laws and regulations. | Checks whether the proposed system complies with relevant laws, regulations, contracts, licenses, and policies. |
| Organizational Feasibility | Compatibility with the organization. | Checks whether the project fits the organization's goals, policies, structure, and available resources. |
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